considered. Table 1: Comparison of GDP, primaryenergy consumption, electricity consumption and GHGemission growth rates of some existing prospective energy scenarios ... Table 1: Comparison of GDP, primaryenergy consumption, electricity consumption and GHGemission growth rates of some existing prospective energy scenarios to past tendencies Primary Elasticity of Elasticity of Electricity energyenergyGHGGDP growth ... induced energy supply, and GHGemissions till a medium/long term horizon (2030 or 2050
energy security. ■ Transport GHGemissions out of control. With transport accounting ... Road consumption Rail consumption Passenger transport activity (rhs) Aviation consumption Inland navigation consumption Freight transport activity (rhs) % of EU27 final energy consumption 2020E EU27 GHG REDUCTION TARGETS NOT TO BE MET IN TRANSPORT SECTOR Road ... Equity Research ESG ■ Transport energy consumption out of control. Transport’s energy consumption growth rate (17.2% 1997-2008) has outpaced all other economic sectors’ (5
Million Tonnes of Oil Equivalent Gigatonnes of CO2 eq OECD: Energy use Developing and transition countries: Energy use OECD: CO2 emissions Developing and transition countries: CO2 emissions ... importers, so any rise in future energy costs could jeopardize their economic growth ... Growing energy demand poses a particular challenge—and a unique opportunity
Portuguese Report under Article 3(2) of Decision No 280/2004/EC Concerning a Mechanism for Monitoring Community GHGEmissions and for Implementing the Kyoto Protocol ... for Monitoring Community GHGEmissions and for Implementing the Kyoto Protocol ... INDEX OF FIGURES Figure 1 - Trend in GHG (1990-2010) estimated
GDPPrimaryenergy use PM2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 CO2 Figure 2: Trends in European emissions in comparison tot the trend in GDP and primaryenergy use. With current legislation emissions significantly decrease, with the exception of ammonia and carbon ... based emissions are expected to decline in the future, opposite trends ... despite the envisaged economic growth, a continued decline of all pollutants as a consequence of ongoing structural changes in the energy and agricultural systems
covered by the EU-ETS (increase of GHGemissions). This crucial situation ... will most probably not be sufficient to cover the actual GHGemissions (deficit in 2008 ... ” on the ineffective use of primaryenergies and to give economic incentives for modernisation
trend of a reduction in energy intensity (long-term primaryenergytrend 1 ... , electricity consumption continues to rise and primaryenergy consumption shows only a gradual ... energy consumption (primaryenergy calculated by the substitution method), in other words almost
trend of a reduction in energy intensity (long-term primaryenergytrend 1 ... , electricity consumption continues to rise and primaryenergy consumption shows only a gradual ... energy consumption (primaryenergy calculated by the substitution method), in other words almost
of primaryenergy consumption to GDP) average around 1.5% per annum globally ... and can be used to generate projections for primaryenergy consumption to 2050 both at national and global level. Figure 2: GDP and primaryenergy consumption growth in BAU ... Figure 2: GDP and primaryenergy consumption growth in BAU scenario Index (2006 = 100) GDPPrimaryenergy Source: World Bank and BP data for 2006, PwC model estimates for later years
GDP Figure P 2 Development of primaryenergy consumption by regions Figure P.3 Fuel mix of primaryenergy consumption in the world and Western Europe, Figure ... 1 Total global primaryenergy consumption for the various models Figure 4.2 Mix of primary ... for ACEA, JAMA and KAMA for passenger cars Assumptions on energy-related SO2 emissions